34:0392(73)CU - SBA and AFGE LOCAL 2532 AND COUNCIL 228, AFL-CIO -- 1990 FLRAdec CU
[ v34 p392 ]
34:0392(73)CU
The decision of the Authority follows:
34 FLRA NO. 73 U.S. SMALL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION (Agency) and AMERICAN FEDERATION OF GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEES LOCAL 2532 AND COUNCIL 228, AFL-CIO (Labor Organization/Petitioner) 3-CU-80025 ORDER DENYING APPLICATION FOR REVIEW January 19, 1990 Before Chairman McKee and Members Talkin and Armendariz. I. Statement of the Case This case is before the Authority on an application for review (application) filed by the Petitioner, American Federation of Government Employees, Local 2532 and Council 228, AFL - CIO (the Union) under section 2422.17(a) of the Authority's Rules and Regulations. The application seeks review of the Regional Director's Decision and Order on Petition for Clarification of Unit. The U.S. Small Business Administration (the Agency) filed a response to the application for review. The Union filed the petition for clarification of unit (CU) seeking to clarify the nationwide consolidated unit of professional and nonprofessional employees of the Agency located at its Central Office and Regional and District Offices. American Federation of Government Employees (National Union), which is the certified exclusive representative of the consolidated nationwide unit, authorized the filing of this petition by the Union as its agent. The petition sought to include in the unit employees of: (1) the Office of Inspector General (OIG); (2) the Disaster Home Loan Service Centers, with certain exceptions; (3) the Office of Civil Rights Compliance (OCRC); and (4) the Disaster Assistance Division (DAD), including the four Disaster Area Offices. The Regional Director concluded that: (1) the employees of the OIG subject to the petition should be excluded from the existing consolidated unit; (2) the employees of the Disaster Home Loan Service Center located in New York, New York should be included in the existing unit; (3) employees of the OCRC subject to the petition should be included in the unit; and (4) the nonsupervisory cadre and temporary employees of the DAD should be excluded from the existing unit. The Union's application seeks review of the Regional Director's decision to exclude from the unit the employees of the Office of Inspector General and the Disaster Assistance Division who are subject to the petition on the grounds that: (1) the Regional Director's decision is a departure from Authority precedent; (2) the conduct of the hearing, and rulings made in connection with the hearing, resulted in prejudicial error; and (3) the Regional Director's decisions on several factual issues are clearly erroneous. Inasmuch as the Authority had two vacancies when this application was received, Acting Chairman McKee issued an Interim Order on July 19, 1989, directing that consideration of the application be deferred until further notice. The Interim Order preserved the parties' rights under the Statute to Authority consideration of the Regional Director's decision. The Authority now considers the Union's application. For the reasons discussed below, the application is denied. II. Background and Regional Director's Decision The National Union is the exclusive representative of a nationwide consolidated unit of professional and nonprofessional employees of the Agency located at its Central Office and Regional and District Offices. Review is sought of those findings of the Regional Director's decision which exclude from the existing unit employees of the Office of Inspector General and certain employees of the Disaster Assistance Division. A. Office of the Inspector General The Regional Director found that the OIG employees must be excluded from the established unit. He based this conclusion on his findings that: (1) the OIG employees constitute a functionally distinct group of employees who share a community of interest separate and distinct from the employees in the existing bargaining unit, and their inclusion in the existing unit would not promote effective dealings or efficiency of agency operations; and (2) to include OIG employees in the established unit with other Agency employees would create an inherent conflict of interest because OIG employees function as internal "policemen" vis-a-vis Agency employees. As to the auditors in the OIG, the Regional Director found that they must be excluded on the additional ground that they are engaged in investigation and audit functions relating to the work of individuals employed by the Agency and that such functions are within the scope of the exclusion set forth in section 7112(b)(7). 1 In regard to the support and clerical employees of the OIG sought to be included, the Regional Director found that their function "are an inextricable part of the process of auditing and investigating" and that these employees have access to sensitive records concerning Agency employees. Regional Director's decision at 10. B. Disaster Assistance Division The Regional Director decided that employees of the DAD located at the Agency's Central Office in Washington, D.C. and at the Agency's four Disaster Area Offices (DAOs) located at Fair Lawn, New Jersey; Atlanta, Georgia; Grand Prairie, Texas; and Sacramento, California, should be excluded from the unit. He noted that the DAD employees have never been included in the bargaining unit, and concluded that working conditions for the DAD employees are significantly different from those of unit employees. In so finding, he distinguished United States Small Business Administration, Lower Rio Grande Valley District Office, 16 FLRA 180 (1984), argued by the Union as dispositive of this case. The Regional Director noted that although certain temporary employees were included in a consolidated unit in that case, they were functionally and geographically integrated with the Agency's field office structure, whereas here the DAD is outside of the Agency' field structure both organizationally and in terms of office location. III. Application for Review The Union asserts that the Regional Director's decision to exclude employees of the OIG and the DAD should be reversed. It argues that review should be granted of the Regional Director's decision in regard to both groups of employees because: (1) extraordinary circumstances exist that raise a substantial question of law because of an absence of or departure from Authority precedent; (2) the conduct of the hearing and rulings made at the hearing resulted in prejudicial error; and (3) the Regional Director's decision is erroneous on several substantial factual issues. No review is sought of the Regional Director's decision that employees of the Disaster Home Loan Service Center, New York, New York, and certain employees of the OCRC, are included in the existing unit. A. Employees of the Office of Inspector General As to the first ground, the Union asserts that exclusion of OIG employees in other than investigative positions is a departure from Authority precedent as section 7112(b)(7) of the Statute has been applied only to investigative employees of an Inspector General Office. As to the second ground, the Union asserts that the conduct of the hearing or a ruling made in connection with the proceeding resulted in prejudicial error. It bases this claim on an assertion that a full record was not developed on its contention that certain support employees previously able to use the negotiated grievance procedure would now be prohibited from doing so as a result of the unit determination. As to the third ground, the Union alleges a variety of factual errors and asks the Authority to either reverse the conclusions of the Regional Director, or remand the case for the purpose of permitting the introduction of certain documents offered by the Union subsequent to the close of the hearing. B. Employees of Disaster Assistance Division As to the first ground, the Union argues that exclusion of DAD employees because their working conditions are significantly different from those of unit employees and they do not share a community of interest with unit employees is a departure from Authority precedent. The Union further argues that the Regional Director departed from Authority precedent by failing to rule on the status of one employee, thereby causing that employee's grievance to be held in abeyance. As to the second ground, the Union asserts that the Regional Director committed prejudicial error by failing to rule on the one employee's status, and by excluding employees from the unit who will thereby be precluded from utilizing the negotiated grievance procedure. As to the third ground, the Union cites numerous examples of allegedly erroneous factual findings which it asserts can be remedied by reopening the record for the purpose of permitting introduction of certain documents the Union offered subsequent to the close of the hearing. IV. Response to Application for Review The Agency asserts that the application should be dismissed because the president of the Local Union has no standing to file, and the National Union, the certified exclusive representative, has neither adopted the application nor filed one on its own behalf. The Agency notes that on March 24, 1989, the president of the National Union informed members of Council 228 that he was placing the Council in trusteeship based on alleged improprieties of the council. By letter that same day, the National Union president notified the Agency that it was to deal with the newly-appointed trustee in all matters concerning the Council and the employees it represents. The trustee notified the Agency that although the incumbent president of Local 2532 would remain in office, he no longer would represent Council 228. According to the Agency, "(a)lthough the National AFGE was on notice of the Local's (application for review), to this date it neither has filed its own AFR nor adopted that of the Local." Agency Response to Application for Review at 4. The Regional Director's decision in this case was issued March 31, 1989. In the alternative, the Agency asserts that the application should be dismissed because it does not meet the regulatory requirements for granting an application but, rather, amounts only to disagreement with the Regional Director's decision. The Agency further argues that the Regional Director's decision is correct on the merits, and that the application "consists largely of unsup(p)orted disagreement with the RD's findings of fact and conclusions of law, relying on the body of the Local's AFR, which is identical to the Post - Hearing Brief." Id. at 28. V. Standing To File The Agency asserts that the application should be dismissed because it was filed by the president of the Local Union, and the National Union has neither adopted the application nor filed one on its own behalf. The Agency argues that: (1) only the National Union has standing to file because it is the exclusive representative, and (2) the Local Union president has no standing to file because the Local Union is in trusteeship. The Authority's Rules and Regulations provide that a "party" may file an application for review. 5 C.F.R. 2422.17(a). As pertinent here, party means any person filing a "petition." 5 C.F.R. 2421.11(a)(1). The Agency asserts that the Local Union cannot file an application because the National Union is the exclusive representative, and therefore only the National Union can be a party. However, it is undisputed that the National Union authorized the Local Union to file the petition for clarification of unit in this case on behalf of the National Union. 2 The application for review of the Regional Director's decision is a continuation of the case, and there is no indication that the National Union revoked its authorization of the Local Union to act on its behalf in this matter. The assertion that the application must be dismissed because the papers were actually filed by the Local Union president also is without merit. Approximately one week before the Regional Director issued his decision on the petition, the National Union notified the Agency that the Local Union was being placed in trusteeship, and that the Agency should deal with the trustee. However, there is no indication that the National Union, by placing the Local Union in trusteeship, revoked the Local Union president's authority to act on its behalf for the purpose of filing papers in this case before the Authority. A Union has the right to designate its representative when fulfilling its responsibilities under the Statute. American Federation of Government Employees, Local 1738, AFL - CIO, 29 FLRA 178, 188 (1987). The National Union had timely notice of the filing of the application for review in this case and has not disavowed or repudiated the application. Furthermore, the Agency does not suggest that the National Union is in any way prejudiced by the filing of the application, or that the application conflicts with the interests of the National Union or the employees whom the National Union is certified to represent. In view of these findings, we conclude that the application is properly before the Authority. Therefore, we will consider the Union's arguments in support of its application for review of the Regional Director's decision. VI. Discussion We conclude, for the reasons set forth below, that no compelling reasons exist within the meaning of section 2422.17(c) of the Authority's Rules and Regulations for granting the application for review. 3 The application does not meet any of the grounds warranting review of the Regional Director's decision under section 2422.17(c). A. Employees of the Office of Inspector General 1. The Regional Director's Decision That OIG Employees Must Be Excluded From the Existing Nationwide Unit Is Consistent With Authority Precedent We reject the Union's assertion that OIG employees share a community of interest with unit employees sufficient to warrant their inclusion in the unit. Rather, we find, in agreement with the Regional Director, that employees of the OIG sought by the petition do not share a community of interest with employees of the nationwide consolidated unit because the OIG has a separate and distinct mission; the employees are in the OIG's separate competitive area for purposes of reduction-in-force; and they are under separate overall supervision which is wholly independent and apart from other portions of the Agency. Therefore, the Regional Director determined, and we agree, that these employees constitute a functionally distinct group and share a community of interest separate and distinct from employees in the nationwide consolidated unit. We also find in agreement with the Regional Director that having OIG employees in the unit would create an inherent conflict of interest because of their role vis-a-vis other Agency employees. These findings of the Regional Director do not constitute departures from Authority precedent as claimed by the Union. See, for example, U.S. Department of Labor, Office of Inspector General, Region I, Boston, Massachusetts, 7 FLRA 834 (1982). See also United States Department of Health and Human Services, Region VI, Dallas, Texas, 15 FLRA 855 (1984). Rather, the Union's arguments that OIG employees share a community of interest with unit employees and that their inclusion in the unit would not constitute a conflict of interest are merely disagreement with facts found by the Regional Director, and are insufficient to form a basis for granting review of a Regional Director's decision. Department of the Army, Headquarters, Presidio of San Francisco, Directorate of Engineering and Housing, San Francisco, California, 33 FLRA 478 (1988) (Department of the Army, San Francisco). Cases relied upon by the Union in support of its position are inapposite. None involve Inspector General offices, and they illustrate propositions which are supported by specific factual situations which are clearly distinguishable from the instant case on additional grounds as well. National Marine Fisheries Service, Southeast Fisheries Center, Miami, Florida, 3 FLRA 499 (1980), is cited by the Union to support its argument that a failure to include OIG employees would improperly fragment highly-centralized personnel management and administrative operations of the Agency. Application at 39-42. However, unlike the referenced case, the facts here are that the employees in question are under separate supervision and authority which is wholly independent and apart from other portions of the Agency. The Union's argument is merely disagreement with the facts as found by the Regional Director in this case. Similarly, Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Food and Drug Administration, Bureau of Drugs, 11 FLRA 687 (1983), cited by the Union, stands for the proposition that slightly distinguishable factors are insufficient to support a finding that groups of employees do not share a community of interest. However, the facts relied upon by the Regional Director in this case are more compelling and lead to the conclusion that OIG employees do share a community of interest separate and distinct from unit employees. Similarly, although the employees in Defense Logistics Agency, Defense Contract Administration Services Region Cleveland, Defense Contract Administration Services Plant Representative Office, Goodyear Aerospace, Akron, Ohio, 15 FLRA 962 (1984), relied upon by the Union, were so organizationally integrated as to have lost their separate identity, such is not the case presented by the facts here. 2. The Regional Director's Decision That Auditors of OIG Must Be Excluded From the Unit on the Additional Basis of Section 7112(b)(7) Is Consistent With Authority Precedent In addition to excluding OIG employees in general because they have a community of interest separate and distinct from employees in the existing unit and because their inclusion would create an inherent conflict of interest, the Regional Director found other specific grounds to exclude the OIG employees. The Regional Director found that the auditors of the OIG must be excluded on the specific ground that their investigation and audit functions relating to the work of individuals employed by the Agency are within the scope of the section 7112(b)(7) exclusion, covering duties which affect the internal security of the Agency. We reject the Union's contentions that the auditors should be included in the unit based on: (a) bargaining history; (b) allegations that other employees included in the unit perform the same duties as these auditors; and (c) the alleged failure to meet the requirements of the section 7112(b)(7) exclusion. a. Bargaining history is inconclusive as to whether employees who performed some of these functions prior to the establishment of OIG were included in the unit. However, the Regional Director found that subsequent to the establishment of the OIG, when the Union agreed that all OIG employees were excluded for reduction-in-force purposes, the master agreement provided that "(t)he unit of recognition does not include . . . employees primarily engaged in investigation or audit functions relating to the work of individuals employed by the Agency." Article 1, Section 3, quoted by the Regional Director in his decision at 5. b. The Union's argument that employees already in the unit perform the same duties as the OIG auditors is merely disagreement with facts found by the Regional Director, which is insufficient as a basis for granting review of a Regional Director's decision. Department of the Army, San Francisco, 33 FLRA 478 (1988). Further, the unit placement of employees not at issue is not germane to the question of whether auditors should be excluded on an internal security basis. c. The Union argues that to exclude auditors of the OIG would be a departure from precedent because the section 7112(b)(7) exclusion has been applied only to investigative employees of an Inspector General office. The Union also disagrees that the auditors are engaged in investigation and audit functions to the extent that would require their exclusion. The argument that only investigative employees may be excluded based on section 7112(b)(7) is incorrect on its face, because that section by its specific language applies to employees". . . engaged in investigation or audit functions . . ." (emphasis added). Further, as noted above, the Authority has previously excluded Inspector General employees other than investigators based on section 7112(b)(7). U.S. Department of Labor, Office of Inspector General, Regional I, Boston, Massachusetts, 7 FLRA 834 (1982). As to the specific finding that the auditors are sufficiently engaged in the functions described in section 7112(b)(7) to require their exclusion from the unit, the Regional Director noted that the mission of the OIG includes determining whether the Agency is properly performing its mission; performing internal investigations of employee wrongdoing and fraud; and preventing fraud, waste, abuse and mismanagement in the Agency's programs. To this end, the employees at issue perform audits of Agency programs, contracts, operations and program participants. Among their duties are audits which have the potential of uncovering employee fraud, misuse of funds or malfeasance. Further, audit functions related to matters external to Agency employees may result in investigation of Agency employees. As with all questions concerning unit placement, resolution depends on the specific circumstances of the case. The Union's argument that the auditors are not engaged in investigation and audit functions to an extent requiring their exclusion amounts to mere disagreement with the facts found by the Regional Director, which, as noted previously, is insufficient as a basis for granting review. Department of the Army, San Francisco, 33 FLRA 478 (1988). 3. The Regional Director's Decision That Support Employees of OIG Must Be Excluded From the Existing Nationwide Unit Is Correct And Has Not Resulted In Prejudicial Error We reject the Union's argument that support employees of the OIG should have been included and that it was "prejudicial error" not to do so based on assertions that employees previously eligible to use the negotiated grievance procedure would no longer be able to do so. Such argument refers to (a) employees allegedly newly-excluded from the unit as a result of the Regional Director's decision and thus no longer eligible to use the negotiated procedure, and (b) other employees whose unit status was not raised but are allegedly affected because they have the same job titles as support employees in OIG who are now excluded from the unit. a. Employees Allegedly Newly - Excluded It is clear that all OIG employees have been excluded from the unit at least since the establishment of the OIG in 1978. Therefore, the Union's argument that the Regional Director's decision excludes former unit employees is not supported by the facts. However, even assuming that the Regional Director's decision excluded former unit employees, the fact that they no longer would be eligible for certain benefits available to unit employees is not a ground for claiming that the hearing resulted in "prejudicial error." Section 2422.17(c) of the Authority's Rules and Regulations refers to error prejudicing the outcome of the proceeding or the rights of a party, and not, as suggested by the argument of the Union, prejudice to an asserted right of an individual. Findings on the unit placement factors, set out in section 7112(a)(1) of the Statute, take into account the results which flow from such unit placement. The effect on certain employees of the unit determination is not "prejudicial error" within the meaning of section 2422.17(c)(4) of the Rules and Regulations, and the Union has not shown that the effect on former unit employees would be such that the Regional Director's finding that these employees share a community of interest with OIG employees, and not with unit employees, is clearly erroneous. b. Employees Whose Status Was Not Raised But Who Have The Same Job Titles As OIG Support Employees Excluded By The Regional Director's Decision We find without merit, for the reasons discussed above, the Union's argument that the application should be granted because the conduct of the hearing as to this issue, and this decision, are prejudicial to unit employees with job titles identical to those support employees of OIG who are excluded. Moreover, the unit placement of the OIG support employees is based solely on the statutory criteria which measure the relationship of their conditions of employment to other employees of OIG, and to employees of the consolidated unit. It does not affect the rights or status of employees in different parts of the organization, regardless of their job titles. 4. The Regional Director's Decision Is Not Clearly Erroneous On Factual Issues Which Prejudicially Affect The Rights Of A Party We have reviewed the Union's allegations of numerous factual errors, and conclude that the Regional Director's decision is supported by evidence that is uncontroverted. Moreover, in large part, the Union's assertions as to factual errors merely amount to disagreement with the Regional Director's findings and conclusions, which have not been shown to be clearly erroneous or to have prejudicially affected the rights of any party. Such contentions do not provide a basis for granting review of the Regional Director's decision. Department of the Army, Headquarters, Presidio of San Francisco, Directorate of Engineering and Housing, San Francisco, California, 33 FLRA 478 (1988). Finally, the Union argues that the Regional Director's decision was based on factual errors because he failed to make a complete and adequate record at the hearing. We find no merit to this argument, and deny the Union's request to remand the case to the Regional Director so that the Union may submit additional evidence. The Union has not shown persuasively how any offered evidence would affect the outcome of this case. Moreover, the evidence that the Union claims was improperly excluded was offered by it on March 29, 1989, more than 5 months after the close of the hearing and only 2 days before the Regional Director issued his decision. It is not asserted by the Union that the evidence was newly discovered or previously unavailable. B. Employees of Disaster Assistance Division The Regional Director found that employees of the DAD located at the Agency's Central Office in Washington, D.C., and in the four Disaster Area Offices, have working conditions significantly different from unit employees, and that they do not share a clear and identifiable community of interest with unit employees. He found it unnecessary to decide whether employees of DAD could constitute a separate appropriate unit. The mission of DAD is to administer the physical and economic injury disaster loan programs. It delivers this assistance through its four DAOs, which are located separate from the Agency's other field offices. The DAOs are staffed with two categories of employees. A permanent disaster cadre is comprised of employees who are released to a nonpay status when workloads decrease. Cadre employees are only guaranteed 6 months' work, must be available to report for duty within 48 hours of assignment any place a disaster occurs, and work extensive overtime when necessary. A second category is temporary employees, who may be employed for periods from 30 days to 4 years. They are hired for a specific need at a particular location. These employees may be terminated at any time, must be available to work extensive overtime, and are not entitled to certain benefits if employed for less than specified lengths of time. Cadre and temporary employees are also assigned to the DAD at the Central Office in Washington, D.C. Bargaining history discloses that prior to the creation of the DAD in 1979, employees from a predecessor office were included in the bargaining unit. Since then, efforts by the Union to have DAD employees included in the unit have been unsuccessful. In concluding that DAD employees do not share a community of interest with unit employees, the Regional Director noted, among other things, that the DAD has a unique mission, that no other component of the Agency has cadre or "on call" employees, that the DAOs have certain job classifications not found elsewhere in the Agency, and that significant elements of the working conditions of DAO employees are unlike those anywhere in the Agency. Further, the Regional Director based his conclusion on the fact that the Agency's operations and the jobs of the employees at issue have changed since the certification of the consolidated unit and that DAD employees have never been included in the unit. Finally, he noted that both organizationally and in terms of office location, DAD is outside of the field structure which includes unit employees. The first argument made by the Union in urging review of the Regional Director's exclusion of employees of the DAD is that his decision is based on a departure from Authority precedent. The various points made in support of this argument do not indicate a departure from precedent by the Regional Director in reaching the conclusion that DAD employees do not share a community of interest with unit employees. The authorities cited by the Union in support of the argument that the decision departs from precedent are generally based on facts which do not apply in this case. For example, U.S. Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service, Northeast Region, 24 FLRA 922 (1986), differs from the instant case because the DAD employees at issue here were found not to have been in the unit since its formation in 1979. United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Intermountain Region, Challis National Forest, 23 FLRA 349 (1986), relied upon by the Union to support the argument that seasonal supervisors are to be excluded from a unit only when they are supervising employees is inapposite. Although some DAD employees might be classified as seasonal supervisors, it has been determined that the entire Division must be excluded because it does not share a community of interest with unit employees. A final argument that the Regional Director's decision departs from precedent refers to the unit status of a Application at I-18. The Union relies on U.S. Small Business Administration and American Federation of Government Employees, Local 2532, AFL - CIO, 32 FLRA 847 (1988), which held that arbitrators may not decide the unit status of a grievant in the course of resolving the merits of a grievance because the Authority found that it has exclusive jurisdiction to make appropriate unit determinations, including the resolution of questions concerning the bargaining unit status of individuals. The Union has stated a proposition which does not apply to the facts of this case. Thus, in concluding that DAD employees are not appropriately part of the unit, the Regional Director found that since the creation of DAD in 1979, its employees never had been in the unit. Therefore, neither the grievant, nor any other individual who was employed by DAD in 1986 when the grievance was filed, was in the unit. As this is not a case where the question remains unanswered, there is no need to remand the matter to the Regional Director. See Headquarters, XVIII Airborne Corps and Fort Bragg, Forth Bragg, North Carolina, 34 FLRA No. 6 (1989). The remaining arguments made by the Union in its application for review regarding these employees are substantially the same as those already treated above with respect to the employees of OIG. For the reasons discussed above, we find no merit to the arguments that (1) the Regional Director committed "prejudicial error" by excluding employees from the unit who would thereby be precluded from utilizing the negotiated grievance procedure; and (2) the case should be remanded for the purpose of admitting certain documents in order to build a complete record which would overcome allegedly erroneous factual findings. VII. Conclusion For the foregoing reasons, we conclude that no compelling reason exists for granting the application for review. VIII. Order The application for review of the Regional Director's Decision and Order on Petition for Clarification of Unit is denied. FOOTNOTES Footnote 1 Section 7112(b)(7) of the Statute provides for the exclusion from a bargaining unit of: (7) any employee primarily engaged in investigation or audit functions relating to the work of individuals employed by an agency whose duties directly affect the internal security of the agency, but only if the functions are undertaken to ensure that the duties are discharged honestly and with integrity. Footnote 2 Regional Director's Decision at 2 n.2. Footnote 3 Section 2422.17(c) of the Authority's Rules and Regulations provides: (c) The Authority may grant an application for review only where it appears that compelling reasons exist therefor. Accordingly, an application for review may be granted only upon one or more of the following grounds: (1) That a substantial question of law or policy is raised because of (i) the absence of, or (ii) a departure from, Authority precedent; (2) That there are extraordinary circumstances warranting reconsideration of an Authority policy; (3) That the conduct of the hearing held or any ruling made in connection with the proceeding has resulted in prejudicial error; or (4) That the Regional Director's decision on a substantial factual issue is clearly erroneous and such error prejudicially affects the rights of a party.